- Exposure to violence
- Poverty
- Adverse learning environments
- Bad media influences
- Poor housing and living conditions
- Maltreatment
- Poor nutrition/Malnutrition
- Low self esteem
- Mental illness in parents
- Peer pressure
- Difficulties at school
- Job insecurity
- Unemployment
- Debt.
- Being excluded from society
- Criminal behavior
- Grief
- Substance use
- Harmful alcohol
- Poor physical health